Kiln type A

Evidence for a clamp or a bonfire-firing, characterized by the absence of any temporary or permanent walling, flue, stokehole or raised oven-flooring, but where the fuel constituted the covering material of the vessels being fired:
A(a): surface clamp;
A(b): sunken or pit-clamp

Kiln type B

Evidence for a surface-built kiln(or a kiln sited in a very shallow depression) with single flue and a temporary lining (e.g. of turf), indicated by a clearly defined area of burning. Temporary stacking furniture and/or a temporary raised oven-floor may have been used.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln type C

Evidence for a surface-built kiln, as B, but with two opposing flues.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln type D

A surface-built or very shallowly-set kiln with a single flue and a substantial permanent lining to the kiln-chamber.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln type E

A permanent, surface-built kiln, as D, but with two opposing flues.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln type F

A circular or oval sunken or semi-sunken kiln, with a single flue and (usually) a permanent clay lining to the kiln-chamber. Where the subsoil is clay, such kilns may occasionally be unlined below ground level.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln type G

A circular or oval sunken or semi-sunken kiln, as F, but with two opposing flues.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln type H

A square or rectangular sunken or semi-sunken kiln with a single flue.
Internal variations:

1. No evidence for the use of kiln-furniture, internal stacking aids, or a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
2. Evidence for the use of temporary(portable) kiln-furniture at the bottom of the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but none for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
3. An integral permanent structural component or feature in the kiln-chamber to aid stacking and heat circulation, but no evidence for a raised oven-floor: i.e. a single chambered kiln.
4. Temporary support(s) or furniture and a temporary(i.e. portable) raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
5. Permanent integral support(s) and a temporary raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
6. Permanent integral support(s) and a permanent raised oven-floor spanning all or most of the furnace-chamber.
7. A permanent, self-supporting raised oven-floor, i.e. one lacking any special supportive structure.

Kiln chamber (a)

Temporary, usually free-standing, prefabricated, portable pedestal(s), block(s), bollard(s) or other furniture which may or may not have supported a raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (b)

Pottery vessel(s), often inverted, used to support a raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (c)

Permanent integral free-standing pedestal(s) or bollard(s) which may or may not have supported a raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (d)

A single permanent tongue or long pier, projecting from the centre back of the furnace-chamber and integral with the kiln structure, used to support a raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (e)

Cross-walls - a series of permanent, narrow, parallel walls, often of tile, built at regular intervals across the bottom of the furnace-chamber at right angles to the flue-axis. A central gap in each formed a narrow corridor in the combustion-chamber - an extension of the flue-axis.

Kiln chamber (f)

Integral pilasters, short piers, buttress or column-like projections from the kiln-wall, usually intended to support a raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (g)

Integral corbels projecting from the kiln-wall, immediately below the raised oven-floor to support it.

Kiln chamber (h)

A permanent continuous ledge or kerb running along all or most of the internal circumference of the kiln-chamber, and attached to, moulded out of, or built into the kiln-wall. It either supported the raised oven-floor or aided the stacking and stability of the pottery load by keying it into the kiln-wall.

Kiln chamber (j)

Niches or short cup or ledge-like recesses, moulded into the kiln-wall at intervals and on the same level, often used for supporting the individual bars of a raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (k)

Small sockets or holes poked into the kiln-wall while still plastic in order to insert the ends of the bars of a raised oven floor.

Kiln chamber (m)

The lip or top of the kiln-wall, flattened into a ledge and used as seating for portable flooring material such as bars ( e.g. in semi-sunken kilns).

Kiln chamber (n)

A single barrel-vault consisting of ribs of curved bars, blocks or voussoir-shaped tiles, usually acting as an underflooring to give added strength to a superimposed, flat, raised oven-floor. Occasionally the arched vault itself formed a curved raised oven-floor.

Kiln chamber (p)

Two parallel barrel-vaults as (n), usually separated by a central support (e.g. a tongue), positioned on the line of the flue axis.

Kiln chamber (b)

A solid-clay platform across the back of the furnace-chamber.